Variables and Literals

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Learning outcomes

• define literal and variable clearly
• identify numeric, string, boolean, and special literals
• write valid escape sequences in strings

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Variable vs literal

• Variable: name that stores a value
• Literal: fixed value written directly in code

x = 25

• x is variable
• 25 is literal

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Types of literals

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Numeric literals

a = 10      # int literal
b = 3.14    # float literal
c = 2+5j    # complex literal

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String literals

name = "Dhruv"
city = 'Delhi'

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Boolean literals

is_valid = True
is_empty = False

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Special literal

data = None

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Escape sequences in strings

print("Hello\nWorld")
print("Name:\tDhruv")
print("She said: \"Python\"")

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Exam-focused points

• literals are constants directly written in source code
• True, False, and None are keywords
• string literals can use single or double quotes

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Practice questions

1. Classify these as variable or literal: x, 99, "hi", False.
2. Write one example each of int, float, bool, and None literal.
3. Print this exact output using escape sequences:

Name: Dhruv
Branch: CSE